Abstract: In order to solve the problems of coal frozen in train and coal loss caused by wind during coal railway transportation, the paper presented a scheme of spraying antifreeze to train compartment and spraying dust suppression agent to coal surface during the loading process ,introduced the principle of automatic liquid preparation system and adaptive spraying system ,made the calculation and selection of key equipment. The key technology of the system was specially studied and at last we designed the control system. The system has high degree of automation, strong practicability and has been successfully applied in practical production.